1. The Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) “is also referred to as the Agricultural Revolution. This period began around 12,000 years ago and lasted up to 4000 years. “Ancient humans in this era switched from hunter/gatherer mode to agriculture and food production. There were considered primarily farmers who invented agriculture. This era “Is most frequently used in connection with agriculture.”
The Paleolithic Era (“Old Stone Age’) makes up the earliest chunk of the Stone Age. This period lasted from about 2.5 million to 8,000 BCE. “early humans lived in caves or simple huts or tepees and were hunters and gatherers. They used basis stone and bone tools, as well as crude stone axes for hunting and birds and wild animals.” (Kennedy, 2019).
“Human society has developed through utilization of our planet’s resources in amazingly unique, creative and productive ways that have furthered human evolution and sustained global societies.” (Blakemore, 2019). The Neolithic Revolution led to masses of people establishing permanent settlements supported by farming and agriculture, which pave the way for innovations of the ensuing Bronze Age and Iron Age, when advancements in creating tools for farming, wars and art swept the world and brought civilizations together through trade and conquest.” The agricultural revolution had a variety of consequences for humans. It has been linked to everything from societal inequality-a result of humans’ increased independence on the land and fears of scarcity-to a decline in nutrition and a rise in infectious diseases contracted from domesticated animals.” (Adler., et al. 2018). Paleolithic Era the advantage was that “gathering was done in groups, and success depended more on organization and cooperation than on individual bravery or strength. The family was the basic social unit. This necessary for protection.” During the Paleolithic Era the lifestyle of the people was Nomadic because they move from place to place and was unable to form communities, permanent settlements and access to reliable food supply.
“Archaeology study how the human past utilize material remains. To study how people live in specific times and places, Archaeologist use these artifacts. These remains can be any objects that people created, modified, or used.” For example, tools, markings,clothes and so forth. Stone-made artifacts are the dominant form of material remains that have survived. The main types of evidence are fossilized human remains and stone tools. Also, both “Neolithic and Paleolithic people used to keep their records in the form of pictures.”
2. The Paleolithic Era (or Old Stone Age) is a prehistoric period that lasted from approximately 2.6 million years ago to approximately 10000 years ago. The Neolithic Era (or New Stone Age) began around 10,000 BC and ended in diverse parts of the world between 4500 and 2000 BC. There were multiple human species in the Paleolithic epoch, but only one lasted until the Neolithic era. Paleolithic humans were nomadic and lived in tiny groups. They employed crude stone tools, and their survival was greatly reliant on their surroundings and temperature. Agriculture and animal husbandry were discovered by Neolithic humans, allowing them to settle in one location. The Mesolithic era followed the Paleolithic era, but the Paleolithic—Mesolithic boundary varied by location by thousands of years. People in the Paleolithic period were hunter-gatherers. They were nomadic tribes that subsisted on hunting, fishing, and gathering wild fruits. They hunted bison, woolly mammoths, bears, and deer. Meat was consumed, and animal hide was utilized to produce clothing. They lived in clans of 20-30 individuals in caves, in the open air, or in houses built of tree branches and animal hide. The Neolithic era began when people found agriculture and cattle husbandry, allowing them to abandon their nomadic lifestyle. They were able to dwell in productive, predictable climate zones, typically in river basins. The first vegetables they cultivated were rice and wheat, and the first animals they tamed were dogs, goats, sheep, oxen, and horses.